Perimenopause is the transitional phase leading up to menopause, typically beginning in a woman's 40s but sometimes starting earlier. It is characterised by hormonal fluctuations that can cause a variety of symptoms, including irregular menstrual cycles, hot flashes, night sweats, mood swings, and changes in sleep patterns. This period, which can last several years and marks the gradual end of a woman's reproductive years as the ovaries produce less estrogen. Understanding perimenopause is crucial for managing its symptoms and maintaining overall health and well-being during this significant life stage.